Dynamics of Political (Dis)Trust: A Qualitative Exploration of Public Attitudes in Greece

This study explores political trust in Greece, examining how citizens perceive and navigate trust in political actors and institutions across local, national, and European levels of governance. Drawing on insights from four diverse focus groups, it illuminates the factors shaping trust dynamics, including institutional mechanisms, governance models, and democratic values. By analyzing public attitudes toward transparency, accountability, and responsiveness, the study offers a comprehensive view of the interplay between structural factors and personal experiences in fostering or eroding trust. Key findings reveal widespread skepticism toward political institutions, rooted in perceptions of inefficiency, lack of fairness, and limited responsiveness to public needs. External shocks, such as economic inequality, climate crisis mismanagement, and systemic social injustices, further compound these trust deficits. Participants frequently emphasized the disconnect between their expectations of governance and institutional responses, highlighting how such misalignments deepen feelings of alienation. This disconnection underscores the need for institutional reforms that not only enhance efficiency but also align governance priorities with societal values. Conceptions of democracy emerged as a central theme in shaping trust. Participants voiced disillusionment with representative democracy, citing inadequate mechanisms for holding political actors accountable. Many advocated for a shift toward participatory governance, emphasizing grassroots-level engagement and inclusive decision-making processes. While independent authorities and other institutional reforms were seen as potential solutions, concerns about political interference and insufficient autonomy persisted, reflecting broader skepticism about the feasibility of structural change. This study offers actionable insights into fostering political trust by addressing both structural inefficiencies and relational dynamics. It highlights the potential of participatory mechanisms, institutional reforms, and enhanced transparency in bridging the gap between governance models and societal needs. By situating trust within the broader context of democratic values, the findings contribute to understanding how political systems can be reimagined to build sustainable trust in contemporary democracies.