While anti-immigration attitudes remain the most defining characteristic of far-right voters, other ideological dimensions, such as opposition to feminism and LGBTQI+ rights, start to play an increasingly crucial role. The transition of Western societies toward post-materialist values—including expanded gender equality and strengthened LGBTQI+ rights—has sparked a backlash among those perceiving these changes as a threat to traditional norms. Radical right parties have capitalized on this backlash, providing a platform for individuals opposing liberal and cosmopolitan values. This paper disentangles thin (gender roles) and thick (LGBTQI+) conceptions of gender equality to examine their influence on far-right vote choice. Specifically, it explores the interplay between gender attitudes and immigration—core tenets of far-right ideology—posing the question of how opposition to feminism intersects with anti-immigration sentiment in shaping voting behaviour. Using data from the 2024 European Election Study and selected national election studies, we investigate the moderating effect of immigration attitudes on the relationship between feminist attitudes and far-right support. Our findings identify two distinct pathways to far-right voting: one driven primarily by opposition to gender equality and the other by anti-immigration sentiment. This study sheds light on the complex interplay between gender, sexuality, immigration attitudes and far-right politics in the European context.
