The paper will address the "new kid on the block", i.e. representation as claims making. We see four main problems with this approach: (1) How to differentiate between legitimate and preposterous claims? (2) How to assess what good representation is? (3) How to asses representation beyond the form of claims making? (4) How to achieve representative coherence in the face of multiple audiences? While those indeterminacies are by no means specific to the EU alone, the dynamcis of a multi-level system of policies without politics are not prone to enhance the democratic credentials of political representation.
