The proposed paper is devoted to developments of intergovernmental relations in the Russian Federation, which have happened in the context of political regime dynamics in the 2000s and 2010s. My key argument is that political uncertainty has been an important political factor of changes in relations between governmental tiers in socio-economic and financial spheres. Following Andreas Schedler (2013), I consider uncertainty as one of the main characteristics of a political process from the perspective of an authoritarian leader. But, unlike Schedler, I will demonstrate that the institutional and information forms of uncertainty affect not only processes of a struggle for power, but also policy processes, including regional policy and fiscal federalism.