This paper will deal with the contemporary concept of nation in Spain, where the process of nation state building has not led to a complete identification between nation and modern state of citizens. My contribution will highlight the particularities of the Spanish case, in which in parallel with the general process of economic and demographic globalization and the construction of the EU, the concept of nation as “Kulturnation” remains in some areas –Catalonia and Bask Country- as a source of demands to constitute themselves as new states.
