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Where Have the Women Gone?: From Mass Based Movement to Localized Temporal Movements

Africa
Gender
Social Movements
Feminism
Amanda Gouws
Stellenbosch University
Amanda Gouws
Stellenbosch University

Abstract

Since 1994 there was a decline in the women's mobilization in South Africa and the demise of the Women's National Coalition. This paper attempts to analyse the shift from a mass based movement to more localized temporal movements since political transition twenty years ago. I will apply Nancy Fraser's theory of recognition and redistribution to illustrate how two alliances - the Shukumisa campaign around gender based violence and the Alliance for Rural Democracy around the Traditional Courts Bill meets the criteria of localized temporal movements that engage the state with the intention of recognizing identities and redistributing resources to promote gender equality. The shape that these movements take is a consequence of having to engage institutional politics in a post-apartheid landscape that is hostile to direct action. These movements, however, show that activism is alive and well , but is often not as visible as during the transition period. The achievements of these alliances, however, outstrip those of the Women's National Coalition.