This paper focuses on the concept of crises and resilience and their linkages, in particular with regards to democracy and social contracts, tackling questions such as: What is a crisis? What does the concept entail? How is it used in current academic debate? How far and how deep are the currently diagnosed crises? Are there crises in several areas of democracy and social contracts, or are the contracts challenged, not in crises? How did the financial crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Russian attack on Ukraine on social contracts in and the across democracies in the EU?
