Reconceptualising De Facto Autonomy: A Multi-Actor Multi- Policy Area Approach

This paper argues that a nuanced conceptualisation of de facto autonomy is necessary to beyond our current understanding of selfdetermination and reliance on regulatory competences. To this aim, the paper suggests that such conceptualisation requires unpacking the variation in de facto autonomy across policy areas and incorporate the role and impact of a multitude of stakeholders on de facto autonomy. Relying on an illustrative study on Turkey in the post-GFC period, the paper argues for a multi-actor multi-policy area approach that endogenises institutional arrangements, stakeholders’ policy preferences, and policy capacity in our understanding of de facto autonomy.