Annette is Director of Studies at the Changing Character of War Programme, Senior Research Fellow at Pembroke College, and at the Department of Politics and International Relations, and affiliate at the Latin American Centre, all University of Oxford. She is also Research Associate at the Centre on Conflict, Development and Peacebuilding, Graduate Institute Geneva. She holds a doctorate from the Department of International Development and St. Antony’s College, University of Oxford.

She has conducted extensive fieldwork in the war-torn and crisis-affected borderlands of Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela, analysing the relationships among rebels, criminals and paramilitary groups and exploring their impact on citizen security.

Her research interests as an academic and policy adviser lie at the interface of conflict, security and transnational organised crime, especially drug trafficking as well as terrorism, peace building and governance. She is particularly interested in the role that diverse types of violent non-state groups play in these dynamics. Among other areas, she focuses on the political economy of borderlands as spaces where criminal, terrorist and conflict dynamics converge. Methodologically, she is fascinated by the use of ethnographic methods in Political Science and International Relations, drawing on insights from Anthropology, Sociology, Criminology, Development Studies and Area Studies.

Parosha Chandran, Human Rights Barrister at 1 Pump Court Chambers

Parosha is considered to be one of the world’s leading anti-slavery lawyers.

She has precedent-setting cases and works in a multi-disciplinary human rights-based practice in London.

She was consulted for expert legal advice on every recent trafficking, slavery and exploitation bill emanating (2013-2015) from the parliaments of England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. She also provided extensive advice to NGOs and to Peers in the House of Lords and MPs on the Modern Slavery Act 2015.

She is the author of 2 books and has provided expert legal advice on many other national and international publications. She is an expert legal advisor to the UNODC, the OSCE and the Council of Europe as well as providing training for lawyers, NGOs, members of the judiciary and prosecutors.